Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Lte requires support for six channel bandwidths from 1. The epc consists of mme, sgw, pgw and pcrf functions for performing authentication, mobility management, bearer control, charging and qos control. Lte medium access layer lte mac layer presentation 2. To ensure reliability, the network uses a double radio layer and redundant control nodes. Issue briefs are designed for practitioners with limited time and a need to know about the latest industrybased knowledge. To make the process and understanding simpler, lets assume that we are only focusing on two antenna case. Dimensioning of lte network description of models and tool, coverage and capacity estimation of 3gpp long term evolution radio interface abdul basit, syed masters thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of masters of science in technology espoo, february, 2009. If it is two antenna case, the block diagram around the precoding looks as follows. Lte s first phase, and will reduces the data plane latency and supports interoperability with other technologies. Besides these methodological contributions, we make the following insightful observations about lte network usage. In preemption handling methods, the resource allocation to high priority bearer requests is done by preempting the resources either partially or fully from the low priority preemptable active bearers lp pabs.
Long term evolution lte provides global mobility with a wide range of services that includes voice, data and video in a mobile environment with lower deployment costs. The process of modulating data symbols and combining them is equivalent to an inverse fourier transform operation ifft. Just as ethernet and the internet have different types of qos, for example, various levels of qos can be applied to lte traffic for different applications. Both wimax and lte are allip, all packet technology with a packet network core. In section iii, a new analytical model for handover performance analysis is presented. Ieee communications magazine september 20 7 figure 1. Finally, the default bearer for data transfer is established. Lteadvanced be indoors, which helps provide isolation between the femtocell and the macrocell. A little bit different mode of harq process is used depending on whether it is for fdd or tdd and whether it is for uplink and downlink. Analysis and simulation of lte downlink and uplink transceiver. Lte qos lte architecture supports hard qos, with endtoend quality of service and guaranteed bit rate gbr for radio bearers.
Analysis of handover failures in heterogeneous networks with. D2dbased services represent a new market opportunity that would manage to smoothly integrate new. The epc and sgsn support mobility management between the lte and 3g access systems, and hss supports the management of lte subscriber information. Lte tdd which is also referred to as td lte provides the long term evolution path for tdscdma based networks. Ppt lte drive test procedure ahmad elomar academia. In dec 2015 cmcc was newly issued 19001915mhz band to carry out tdlte network. Plus, lte has support for scalable bandwidth, from 1. Harqhybrid arq is pretty complicated process and not easy to understand in very detail, but it would be helpful if you have. Mme and serving gateway also establish a context for the ue. The ue initiates the attach procedure by transmitting an attach request to the enodeb.
Pdf coverage and capacity analysis of lte radio network. Because the lte mac is fully scheduled, qos is a natural fit. This application note gives an introduction to lte technology, including both fdd and tdd modes of operation. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext.
Lte quick guide lte stands for long term evolution and it was started as a project in 2004 by telecommunication body known as the third generation partnership project 3gpp. The standardization process for lte comes out of the third generation partnership project 3gpp, which was developed out of gsm cellular standards. Umts long term evolution lte technology introduction. Simulations of the physical layer of lte transceiver are obtained with the use of lte system toolbox by mathworks. Heterogeneous networks page 3 benefits of lte advanced in heterogeneous network deployments are highlighted in the discussion that follows. Lte, the long term evolution systems is the major milestone in stepping towards 4g evolution. Lte attach procedure call flow the lte attach procedure call flow is a subject that may seem hard to understand. Device to device communication in lte latha p v and durgaprasad palepu abstract device to device communications d2d promises to be new key feature of the next generation mobile networks in the path towards providing the proximity based services. This phase also involves authentication for the ue as well are the network. Nevertheless, both camps have plans for the future of their technology as shown by the rightmost part of. An element offering applications that require the control of internet protocol ip bearer resources, such as dynamic policy or charging control. Well first, the ue needs to register with the network to receive services that require registration.
The initial attach procedure is unchanged compared with lte release 8 see figure 2. Network and operations planning for telecommunications. Avrett harvardsmithsonian center for astrophysics july 2008 basic equations the speci c intensity of radiation i ergcm 2s 1sr 1hz 1 is the energy passing through unit area per unit time, per unit solid angle, and per unit frequency. Introduction to non lte radiative transfer and atmospheric modeling eugene h. Priorityscaled preemption of radio resources for 3gpp lte. The recent wireless communication networks rely on the new technology named long term evolution lte to offer high data rate realtime rt traffic with better quality of service qos for the. Antonis hontzeas has been in the forefront of the telecommunications industry for twenty years. Evolution in communication long term evolution antonis hontzeas 2. It enables coordination within the carrier and with external partners e. Lte mac scheduling dynamic scheduling suitable for bursty traffic.
Abstractlte long term evolution is a next generation standard by 3rd generation partnership project 3gppp consortium. An important extension of this principle is related to roaming. An important feature in lte is its adoption of radio resource management rrm procedures which. This could be, for example, a way to provide local cellular coverage in rural areas where dsl exists. Lte call flow travels through many steps during its endtoend signaling between from user equipment ue to the evolved node b enb, mobility. Overview long term evolution lte is the next step forward in cellular 3g services.
In practice, this precoding is the process that rearrange the iq constellation into the form that can maximize the throughput to the multiple reciever antenna. Long term evolution lte promises higher data rates, 100mbps in the downlink and 50mbps in the uplink in lte s first phase, and will reduce the data plane latency and supports interoperability with other technologies such as gsm, gprs and umts. Lte includes an fdd frequency division duplex mode of operation and a tdd time division duplex mode of operation. Lte security, protocol exploits and location tracking. Long term evolution lte promises higher data rates, 100mbps in the downlink and 50mbps in the uplink in. Tenure includes positions ranging from design and technical managemen. In section iv, hf probability expressions are derived in the absence of fading and shadowing, while a semi analytical approach for analyzing.
Lte mobile optimization a definitive guide white paper. Oct 19, 2015 if the sender sends a packet and then waits for the ack to send another packet, it is called a sawstop and wait process. Physicalcommunication32010217244 219 table 1 lte, lte advanced,andimtadvancedperformancetargetsfordownlinkdlanduplinkul. Physicalcommunication32010217244 219 table 1 lte,lteadvanced,andimtadvancedperformancetargetsfordownlinkdlanduplinkul. This registration is known as the network attachment. Coverage and capacity analysis of lte radio network planning considering dhaka city article pdf available in international journal of computer applications 4615.
In this paper, the physical layer phy of lte transceiver is analyzed in downlink and uplink transmissions. Handheld devices are growing exponentially and thus the need for the services on the move has increased tremendously. Feb 17, 2014 lte kpi free download as powerpoint presentation. Default bearer session is established at the ue, enodeb, mme, serving gw and pdn gateway.
Lte phy overview electrical and computer engineering. Long term evolution protocol overview nxp semiconductors. Following is overall architecture of lte harq entity. After eps bearer setup and during the ue capability transfer, the device.
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